Singh, Vijay Kumar

Marine algae are thought to be a source of various metabolites that have a wide range of positive effects on human health. The pharmacological properties of algal metabolites, including their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cholesterol homeostasis, protein clearance, and anti-amyloidergic effects, lend credence to their protective efficacy against oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and impaired proteostasis, all of which are involved in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders. There are currently no clinical trials on the effects of marine algae on neuroinflammation; however, considering the significant biological activities that have been established by in vitro and animal research, we expect that there will be clinical trials on this topic in the not-too-distant future. The most recent and important findings on the potentially neuroprotective effects of the anti-inflammatory properties of marine algae were chosen for this study. Next, we conducted a literature review on the neuroprotective potential of algal compounds, along with the underlying pharmacological mechanism, and finally, we evaluated recent advances in therapeutics.

Alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) assisted by renewable solar or wind power has become a viable and environmentally beneficial approach for producing green hydrogen on a commercial scale. However, the AWE process requires an active, cost-effective, and stable catalyst to overcome the problems associated with the sluggish reaction kinetics. Here, we present a binder-free, facile, one-step hydrothermal process for synthesizing vertically aligned ZnO nanorods of different aspect ratios on nickel foam (ZNr@NF) as an electrocatalyst. The synthesized optimal ZNr@NF-3 shows an overpotential of 412, 394, 271, 219, and 157 mV in different electrolyte solutions, i.e., neutral BS, 0.05 0.1, 0.5, and 1 M KOH, respectively. In optimum pH electrolyte (1 M KOH), ZNr@NF-3 provides an electrochemically active surface area of 204.50 cm2, and the Tafel slope is ∼109 mV dec-1. It substantiates the presence of more active sites on ZNr@NF-3, contributing to fast reaction kinetics with a turnover frequency (TOF) of ∼8.02 × 10-2Formula Presented at 157 mV overpotential. Further, the chronopotentiometry test signifies a stable performance of the synthesized electrocatalyst ZNr@NF-3 for the hydrogen evolution reaction. Thus, the present investigation suggests that ZNr@NF-3 may be a feasible and cost-effective electrocatalyst for green hydrogen production through the AWE process.

This article presents a solution to the problem of achieving optimal prescribed-time stability and stabilization for nonlinear dynamical systems. In contrast to existing prescribed-time control methods, this article initiates by establishing sufficient conditions for prescribed-time stability through the use of continuous Lyapunov candidate functions. Building upon these conditions, we introduce an optimal prescribed-time stabilization method that incorporates specific differential inequalities. This method complies with the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman steady-state equation, ensuring both optimality and prescribed-time stability. Furthermore, we derive a set of optimal prescribed-time stabilizing control laws for a class of affine nonlinear dynamical systems. Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach through simulations and experiments involving the reference level tracking of a coupled tank system, thus ensuring that the tracking performance aligns with practical user specifications Note to Practitioners—This article was instigated by the challenge of devising optimal feedback control strategies for a specific class of nonlinear dynamical systems at predetermined time instances. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in prescribed time stability and stabilization approaches, driven by their potential applications across diverse fields, including control engineering, robotics, and aerospace engineering. These methods facilitate the regulation of nonlinear dynamical systems to reach a desired steady state within a predefined finite time, offering a valuable solution for situations demanding rapid stabilization. In this article, we introduce a novel optimal prescribed-time stabilization method that relies on specific differential inequalities. This method not only adheres to the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman steady-state equation but also guarantees both optimality and prescribed-time stability. Furthermore, we derive a family of optimal prescribed-time stabilizing control laws tailored to a particular class of affine nonlinear dynamical systems. To validate the effectiveness of our proposed stabilization approach, we conduct experiments focusing on tracking the desired water level within a coupled tank system. Ultimately, the presented prescribed-time optimal feedback control strategy marks a significant stride forward in the advancement of optimal and efficient control methods for nonlinear dynamical systems, offering solutions that hold immense promise in practical applications.