A compact frequency-reconfigurable fractal UWB antenna using reconfigurable ground plane

In this article, a compact frequency reconfigurable ultrawideband (UWB) antenna having switchable multiple bands is presented. The reconfigurable multiple bands include UWB band, lower UWB band, middle UWB band, and one dual band having lower and upper UWB bands. Multiple p-i-n diodes are used in the slotted ground plane which helps to achieve frequency reconfigurability. The desired compactness and wider operational bandwidth is obtained in the antenna design with the help of Sierpinski fractal geometry. Moreover, it helps in enhancement of the radiation characteristics that assist us to get omnidirectional radiation pattern. It has a compact size of 24.5 mm × 20 mm.